中国与国际发展融资体系
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第三节 研究意义和内容

一 理论价值与应用价值

(一)理论价值

1.研究对象方面,已有发展融资相关文献主要以西方发达国家援助方为研究对象,对新兴经济体和发展中国家作为借款方的系统性研究不足,在新形势下,中国等新兴经济体更是作为“贷款方”的角色出现,探讨新形势下,中国这一主体对国际发展融资体系的进一步参与和融入问题具有重要的理论意义。

2.研究内容方面,不少文献主要基于西方发达国家立场,对新兴经济体及其主导的发展融资机构持有偏见或怀疑态度,全面考察中国通过AIIB和NDB等新建机构对国际发展融资体系的参与、融入与贡献有利于更为客观地评价中国等新兴经济体在这一过程中的作用和影响。

(二)应用价值

1.研究战后建立的国际发展融资体系存在诸多问题,一方面已有多边发展融资机构无法满足广大发展中国家的发展融资资金需求(特别是基础设施建设资金需求),另一方面,由西方发达国家主导的发展理念并未充分考虑发展中国家的复杂历史和现实因素。在此基础上,研究中国等新兴经济体的积极参与对发展资金供给和发展融资理念等方面的影响,具有重大现实意义。

2.研究AIIB和NDB等新建国际发展融资机构如何融入旧体系,如何构建更加和谐有效的、更具包容性的国际发展融资体系,对于国际发展融资体系的进一步完善和存在资金需求的广大发展中国家而言,具有重大现实意义。

3.中国参与国际发展融资体系,首先是基于借款国经济发展及对基础设施建设的需要;其次也源于中国国内产能过剩、产业升级等阶段性问题,基于外汇储备充足等有利条件,服务于人民币国际化等战略方向。研究中国通过积极参与国际发展融资体系,如何推进借款国经济发展,如何促进中国企业对外直接投资具有重大现实意义。

二 研究思路和研究内容

本书导论部分介绍了研究背景,对已有相关文献进行梳理、评述,在此基础上指出本书的研究意义并提出研究内容与逻辑框架,具体如图0—1。

图0—1 本书的内容框架与逻辑结构

当前由多种主体构成的国际发展融资体系主要形成于20世纪中后期。WB作为全球性的MDB,在某种程度上,是当前全球发展领域的领导者。现有区域性MDB包括EBRD、EIB、ADB、AfDB、IDB以及CAF等,主要致力于区域内外基础设施建设和可持续发展项目融资。

第一章至第六章,将中国主导和参与的新建国际发展融资机构NDB和AIIB与上述七大现有MDB进行对比,以现有MDB的长期实践与NDB和AIIB的相关法律文件为基础,分析NDB和AIIB的治理结构特征和业务运作前景,并探讨未来中国融入国际发展融资体系的空间与战略方向。

基于国际发展融资体系的长期运行实践及发展变化趋势,第七章着重分析了国际发展融资活动对借款国、贷款国双方经济增长的影响机制,在这一框架下,进一步探讨中国通过NDB和AIIB等新建机构参与国际发展融资体系的经济效应。


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