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3.4 上机实训一——绘制会议桌椅平面图
本例通过绘制会议桌椅平面图,对本章讲述的点、线、弧等多种绘图工具进行综合练习和巩固应用。会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果如图3-61所示,具体操作步骤如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_76_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-gEl3vbKorodN99CwwDRqHknQFNxgBfyW-0-13518572b8524ac87ae5347f1c447eab)
图3-61 会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果
Step 01 单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮,新建绘图文件。
Step 02 执行菜单栏“格式”→“图形界限”命令,设置图形界限为750个绘图单位x750个绘图单位,命令行操作如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_76_4.jpg?sign=1738994210-LP8z2BlOpivytMuN7leltBMmCAZJlRK8-0-6accc0af9f60bdad4ec5572a6f5aa3c1)
Step 03 使用快捷键Z激活“视图缩放”功能,将图形界限最大化显示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_76_6.jpg?sign=1738994210-BCh94PpzPLIs11QqxWrZ3KXFR5QNleZx-0-d9c41d584e0dc89b8bf5ebb5e4f91fe3)
Step 04 激活状态栏上的“极轴追踪”和“对象捕捉”功能,并设置“极轴角设置”和“对象捕捉模式”参数,如图3-62和图3-63所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_76_8.jpg?sign=1738994210-7wxLIul9dTlPsWSg319iRD9ItJaIdIU1-0-708bd547d1157ba0fbb40446f17d1554)
图3-62 设置“极轴角设置”参数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_76_9.jpg?sign=1738994210-fASdsnS4VJgEv9TSICk9kUMXe35tDhw2-0-76f494b483a87e91e881bb1ab980b62e)
图3-63 设置“对象捕捉模式”参数
Step 05 单击“默认”→“绘图”→“多段线”按钮,配合极轴追踪功能绘制会议椅的外轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_77_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-bGYdJiBrIGEEN2hzSZey58RVWx0V2uxG-0-4b70ffa109fb6ce505786a28a4cab478)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_77_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-ZjeTLNKhMgwKdIbRI7sn2BWE0UDt5iQl-0-f5cf6e0d7fe18154634d92229296c350)
图3-64 垂直向下引出追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_77_3.jpg?sign=1738994210-wBEghrCyf48o5N64Y4ykXUjIsWWs323h-0-6c8b456e6caefdb0ccb6415d63321c6b)
图3-65 水平向右引出追踪虚线
Step 06 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合端点捕捉功能,分别连接内轮廓线上侧的两个端点,绘制直线,如图3-67所示。
Step 07 执行菜单栏“工具”→“新建UCS”→“原点”命令,捕捉中点,作为新坐标系的原点,如图3-68所示。定义UCS如图3-69所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-3g3IYno7EKkIdz9ybba42t1ETtCwxU74-0-b33a1a6b0cef8e456f1a20c4870a47a0)
图3-66 会议椅的轮廓线绘制结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-OB6zohSMYJLusMiPrsxyxLxfqOjZFP4A-0-6f8f46d6860c42960a377949661bdc71)
图3-67 绘制直线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_3.jpg?sign=1738994210-lCZt0U8nArvE879rJqxduZmCxpvzi8L0-0-bd7d620af38bdc76b7c74f42c78612e7)
图3-68 定位原点
Step 08 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合点的坐标输入功能,绘制会议椅内部的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_5.jpg?sign=1738994210-Bw2Yos7gpJOMTcCy0XFmu0uvRG8qZfCM-0-51ec3383af8f60f4fc0d6e71beb73662)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_6.jpg?sign=1738994210-4wMCQomVF5LZHlDd00UYyqIuQRMGKtuc-0-36e0bee30b1018938d40df86ac7cc5f9)
图3-69 定义UCS
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_7.jpg?sign=1738994210-crNF1OKVaVvjqDAAddVEO7ViazroLbLF-0-4f4792dd420845d88430c6c8fd84773d)
图3-70 会议椅内部弧形轮廓线绘制结果
Step 09 执行菜单栏“工具”→“新建UCS”→“世界”命令,将当前坐标系恢复为世界坐标系,如图3-71所示。
Step 10 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“块”→“创建”命令,在打开的“块定义”对话框中设置参数,如图3-72所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_10.jpg?sign=1738994210-avO5k3IOJ6mI3wtmH1gkb5eUO1ZqaVEj-0-092fb2abf25360a9a7a72c0db4dedc3a)
图3-71 操作结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_78_11.jpg?sign=1738994210-hfBmMF3WSTqNymQHEuRVV8H8IpFiJU9n-0-82d5637c1e36e95079b5dda0a6a4d364)
图3-72 设置参数
Step 11 在“基点”选项组中单击“拾取点”按钮,返回绘图区捕捉中点作为块的基点,如图3-73所示。
Step 12 在“对象”选项组中单击“选择对象”按钮,返回绘图区拉出窗交选择框,将椅子图形创建为图块,如图3-74所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-5dZSkHmDhc7y9qvj7F9JpNAGcQZD0xob-0-09bbbaac78e36d042ef554b3cfdcdc1e)
图3-73 捕捉中点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-oKTJ8meytX0Rtx6vl9AITu7jqi35i2M6-0-86451b0bec96c2588a58138d95e25213)
图3-74 窗交选择
Step 13 使用快捷键Z激活“视图缩放”功能,重新调整新视图的高度为6000个绘图单位。
Step 14 执行“直线”命令,配合坐标输入功能绘制会议桌轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_5.jpg?sign=1738994210-eB9A7vzNXg30TbgI0JrMFwK26ogxlGfx-0-5b9b260e7d2859709a1cda14421e225f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_6.jpg?sign=1738994210-QcM7JYUKVCSzErjOB1DZXvyI9coCqtP5-0-2876246e48552bf89321278bb9d4a837)
图3-75 会议桌外轮廓线绘制结果
Step 15 执行菜单栏“格式”→“多线样式”命令,在打开的“多线样式”对话框中单击按钮,设置多线的“封口”形式,如图3-76所示。“多线样式”预览效果如图3-77所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_9.jpg?sign=1738994210-oqZ9ij8GnkIdn1Gn2k8c9iSYcLtMu72y-0-9d7e94d2ffa272263387ea8eade3d439)
图3-76 设置“封口”形式
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_10.jpg?sign=1738994210-lZ7Ns8Pw0hRAVb4awSY3zbyW1ZzKmoT6-0-b6c5d563b582c8e9f93462278896ea94)
图3-77 “多线样式”预览效果
Step 16 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“多线”命令,配合捕捉自功能绘制会议桌内轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_79_12.jpg?sign=1738994210-xhZx5CdK8i9necII0COeJOIWjwOEz9yx-0-224f26dc765ad1552e9f722ef6ece664)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-fiL3pvPF5IksFoYjCIQa77xqm13tdsnE-0-f006a74939e2b2e8a0aef2a62c930d84)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-tldeVZbtuBn8dVnxaGx9WVxK0eGNNqSh-0-8137155beb8849c133dac5e208206033)
图3-78 捕捉端点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_3.jpg?sign=1738994210-SdeNvih67rOkVKm0zGQfnoxMnWWHgYrM-0-0d16d6d7865a1ca7253d203ae3fa0d89)
图3-79 会议桌内轮廓线绘制结果
Step 17 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合捕捉自功能绘制会议桌两侧的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_5.jpg?sign=1738994210-fZIWlpiu7qK0W1owuj2KxSR0wIp1S5v8-0-55732b861fa02186f3376b7eab4bda5f)
Step 18 在无命令执行的前提下,选择会议桌两侧的两条水平轮廓线,使其夹点显示,如图3-81所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_7.jpg?sign=1738994210-XXRr8l12I6gTNI2i0jA3ENNwazoU9ztW-0-985e709e0090ae0ebbb030580678998f)
图3-80 绘制结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_8.jpg?sign=1738994210-GD2euSwPf2w4kNb9wwfG5M1n2kOG6hKB-0-026be11d4a11311845bdb416e261a2b0)
图3-81 夹点显示
Step 19 按下键盘上的Delete键,删除两条夹点显示的水平边,如图3-82所示。
Step 20 执行菜单栏“修改”→“偏移”命令,将偏移距离设置为200个绘图单位,将会议桌外轮廓线向外偏移。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_80_11.jpg?sign=1738994210-jBjCSnJkE2xwjc84U7UZaqKiBKTU3xxA-0-e5339c144e0f98e9a8e0d0e1b43c1665)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_81_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-aGcbHmHJHbIZqINwvzwQPNkKxBEklZXq-0-5c99fffdbf37d2b7d4ae73d888059c4d)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_81_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-JpJ4VLx2fHqdEVG9hOyYzQ0J4qJuJdh4-0-4d3060b4fd7675f9e5463d04601cb1a4)
图3-82 删除结果(一)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_81_3.jpg?sign=1738994210-E9O6FLX3iWdbb2SLrjQ8Fe86cZ6dyouo-0-a3919a56c626e6bfefb78d1208fc7fc8)
图3-83 偏移结果
Step 21 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“点”→“定数等分”命令,为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_81_5.jpg?sign=1738994210-FRPanGc4B296X45CIU8BjoGOW3xUptqF-0-f25e7896579ce72a60b36128e009a630)
Step 22 执行菜单栏“绘图”→“点”→“定距等分”命令,继续为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_81_7.jpg?sign=1738994210-W65NDpaoDu11YFOXxcy7wXq1uYO2H7lK-0-5bc784ee40594691c35adf89bda99788)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_82_1.jpg?sign=1738994210-2TD2nxMHq1TwPKyrIGi2ma67ruEho1mN-0-c0bd7ee01371f3c5a2714b8f61042886)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_82_2.jpg?sign=1738994210-mrNEbSB2AOBrzuVXd4gzTZZjGU3OxCZf-0-917bba6d2723293c2f55791636203161)
图3-84 定数等分结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_82_3.jpg?sign=1738994210-mLxWm31xMFYFkrdaEkjaj41mtv4sIr67-0-e4c5ca73fd38fa6dd6a105b49810eaa0)
图3-85 定距等分结果
Step 23 使用快捷键E执行“删除”命令,选择偏移出的4条辅助线进行删除,删除结果(二)如图3-86所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/83FF7C/19118076801950106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39027_82_5.jpg?sign=1738994210-un1jZoRrGr0ha3B2mChKeYaBChi8W40E-0-57530eb0f7ef4823e4ef377f1ae07c73)
图3-86 删除结果(二)
Step 24 执行“保存”命令,将图形存储为“上机实训一.dwg”。