![机械设计手册:单行本·轴承(第六版)](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/643/29976643/b_29976643.jpg)
4.4 典型轴承的性能曲线及计算示例
(1)径向轴承的示意图与几何关系(表8-1-106)
表8-1-106 径向轴承的示意图与几何关系
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124001.jpg?sign=1738981262-mNCItv1kn6uIxuME4DB02I2SuMyfsZXK-0-3a5d31c45a6aee110a7d8af5a6a704d5)
(2)无限宽径向轴承性能计算(表8-1-107)
表8-1-107 无限宽径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D>2的轴承近似看作无限宽轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124002.jpg?sign=1738981262-eVGMU22gDaqBTOVVRf0z9XTKji8qShDM-0-67baf88f09327a6c9cdc3574713ff110)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125001.jpg?sign=1738981262-fdlyjQiiBlsSSb16RkRz16fEMNEuVVoW-0-fcb3fcefb1158d9e5a99f9532b0e872d)
(3)无限窄径向轴承性能计算
表8-1-108 无限窄径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D<0.4的轴承近似地看作无限窄轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125002.jpg?sign=1738981262-6N3WO2MvHeMeijbY4caCCAo7lk4p7Urz-0-7135006bc218d4e44df72c28486b499c)
注:z为轴承宽度方向的坐标,原点取在轴承宽度的中点。
(4)单油楔径向轴承的性能计算
例1 设计汽轮机转子的液体动压润滑轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min,轴承为自动调心式,在水平中分面两侧供油,进油温度控制在40℃左右。
例题计算过程可按图8-1-18框图进行。计算结果见表8-1-109,方案1温升过高,应采用方案2。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00126002.jpg?sign=1738981262-tFHRhbDuYZ6Da3TExRrLk4BUfoUFzOP9-0-b8430244e17c7d5e04c37bf362c24f90)
图8-1-18 计算框图
表8-1-109 单油楔径向轴承性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00127001.jpg?sign=1738981262-VtygahqAJ6q6BHMWqSGoqEdbyvXwkXCp-0-6e38896bad7ae9da6e010f8bdcee395e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128001.jpg?sign=1738981262-wzzPEranmVWbHm5IIAMdIkspAfGLLmqN-0-66628493a500b04224d5e08d5d8ecedc)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128002.jpg?sign=1738981262-JusaCc8b5LQCpsDiwbiCU3N2Jmxd34Cc-0-851ec14542e6810fd5f6a4ef8618d866)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00129001.jpg?sign=1738981262-S0VDa58gq9t1UB3tV955dJdzplVxbxu4-0-b5e4c7a68db0a090d3d5e5f53ce10e76)
图8-1-19 Cp-ε(实线)、Cμ-ε(虚线)关系曲线
(5)多油楔液体动压径向轴承
1)椭圆轴承的性能计算
例2 设计汽轮机转子的椭圆轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min;在水平中分面两侧供油,供油压力ps=10N/cm2,进油温度为40℃。
设计过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-110。
表8-1-110 椭圆轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00130001.jpg?sign=1738981262-EokumVdZymqjEDA7LOCun9vKt15TQpKk-0-bc41e90ed218701e0f141695c2e49b8e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131001.jpg?sign=1738981262-HwfoHIeGbbANPftR0buP5epcDjjWlAMS-0-2c001387ac24bf93b2489a0f1d99c9fb)
图8-1-20
εi—两偏心率中的大者;—流量系数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131003.jpg?sign=1738981262-cioTWwSufyhPAUj6zYciCZtsxfLTrX66-0-d0ecb2c713b60d3b728f9685bfd71e28)
图8-1-21 椭圆轴承的流量系数和功耗系数kN
2)可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
例3 计算一鼓风机的五瓦可倾瓦径向轴承。已知:轴颈直径D=80mm,转速n=11500r/mim,宽径比B/D=0.4,间隙比ψ=0.002;转子重量F=1250N。进油温度希望在40℃左右,瓦的布置如图8-1-22所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131005.jpg?sign=1738981262-Rqv3DQSmWlvjj05BJYQ16TN8RzVxXNX2-0-b1013f98043b64123044a987946286da)
图8-1-22 例3可倾瓦径向轴承的布置
设计计算过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-111。
表8-1-111 可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131006.jpg?sign=1738981262-Ldjd9rLrPrN5fL4TiTKhxac6TEJFCeQh-0-71537f86a7b052b97d5d04d36fa8fc13)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00132001.jpg?sign=1738981262-C0HJLLfmYi20ZlxY3cECHuOA6HniENsa-0-9e1e8858e034c2ed7383d3729e342b9e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133001.jpg?sign=1738981262-7YEVRkSxbPslqhAykquuAotkydET6N92-0-0ffd1bffb672cdcba112b0ed1843164c)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133002.jpg?sign=1738981262-5yiGBGxdDIYUtTsiD3qFYWi2et0cKXQ0-0-5c07f2f626995646f189abc3fea3d7fe)
图8-1-23 可倾瓦径向轴承的特征系数和支点位置
kF—载荷系数;kN—功耗系数;kt—温升系数;kQ—流量系数;kh—最小油膜厚度系数;B—瓦的宽度
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133003.jpg?sign=1738981262-1tQlQSgnRfRIrsjbq6GRkpYvOYb4XNpH-0-d3dec7e550d5a9a79b394400176f6b50)
图8-1-24 可倾瓦径向轴承的偏心率ε、系数[khh2min/c]、[Δtkkt/pm]与承载特性系数Cp的关系曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00134001.jpg?sign=1738981262-AdHfhZJvFWA6iTEsSqodggqq7B662kxj-0-170b4da48386321464149e86c193c166)
图8-1-25 可倾瓦径向轴承的系数、[Fmax/F]与承载系数Cp的关系曲线